C2-Outdoor
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⌘Measurements in rural farmland
- Typical IR from Farm_1, 1718 Unik/MHz. Total received power was –84 dBm, 20 dB above GSM sensitivity level
(Source:R Rækken, G. Løvnes, Telektronikk)
These questions are valid for all of the following impulse responses
- from delay, calculate reflection factor and free space attenuation
- describe characteristics of reflection
⌘ Measurements in rural farmland
- Typical IR from Farm_2, 953MHz. Total received power was <93dBm
(Source:R Rækken, G. Løvnes, Telektronikk)
⌘Measurements in cities
- Typical IR from City street measurements, 1950 Unik/MHz, Oslo. Output power 25 dBm ( in mW?). Omnidirectional -Dipoles used as transmit and receive antennas.
(Source:R Rækken, G. Løvnes, Telektronikk)
why almost equal distribution? What effect?
⌘ETSI urban pedestrian
- Outdoor to indoor and pedestrian test environment, based on Non LOS (NLOS)
- Base stations with low antenna height are located outdoors, pedestrian users are located on streets and inside buildings and residences
- TX power is 14 dBm, f = 2000 Unik/MHz and r is distance in m
- Assumes average building penetration loss of 12 dB
- Path loss model: [dB]
⌘COST Walfish-Ikegami Model
- taking into consideration propagation over roof tops
- assumes antennas below roof top
- Path loss model: [dB]
⌘Alternative Street Microcell Path-loss
- Outdoor propagation, consists of "adding of paths"
- c is angle of street crossing. c = 0.5 for 90 deg crossing
- k_0 = 1 and d_0 = 0
- Path loss model: [dB]
- illusory distance with
⌘ETSI vehicular
- larger cells (typical few km)
- TX power 24 dBm for mobile phone, transmit antenna height over roof top (typical 15 m), distance r in km, f = 2000 Unik/MHz
- Path loss model: [dB]