E1-Mobile Network mobility
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E1 - Mobile Network mobility
Mobility principles
- Continuous mobility enables continuous availability of services while the user moves
- Discrete mobility enables the availability of services within certain areas and for certain access points, e.g home and office, but not while moving from one area to another.
- Portability is an example of discrete terminal mobility, where it is only allowed to move a terminal from one plug to another.
GSM Handover
- mechanisms for requesting hand-over
- power lever in handset is too low
- signal/noise ratio is too low
- bit-error-rate is too high
- ...
- procedure
- handset requires hand-over
- base-station decides
- alternatives
- hand-over to neighbour cell
- hand-over to different RNC/BSC
- first registration (roaming)
References
- Handoff in GSM/GPRS Cellular Systems http://www.ieee802.org/21/archived_docs/Documents/OtherDocuments/Handoff_Freedman.pdf
- LTE Handover: http://reference.kfupm.edu.sa/content/d/e/design_and_evaluation_of_a_handover_deci_72726.pdf
- Handover between GSM & UMTS : http://www.ericsson.com/ne/res/thecompany/docs/publications/ericsson_review/2003/2003011.pdf
- Soft Handovers in CDMA tech.: [1]
Presentations
Basics of Handover, examples from GSM and UMTS
- Media:Basics_Handover.pdf (by Naji Ahmed Kadah)
- Media:Basics_Handover_comments.pdf